Lomber Radikülopatilerde Cerrahi Tedavi

Yazarlar

Zeki Boğa
Mehmet Babaoğlan

Özet

Lomber radikülopatilerin cerrahi tedavisini ele alan bu çalışmada, ilerleyici nörodefisit ve cauda equina sendromu gibi acil durumlar dışında, hastaların öncelikle 4-8 hafta boyunca konservatif ve medikal tedaviyle takip edilmesi gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır. Cerrahi zamanlaması klinik başarı için kritik olup, semptomların ilk 6 ayında yapılan müdahalelerin sonuçları daha olumludur. Tanı sürecinde en duyarlı ve uygun yöntem MRG olarak kabul edilirken, elektrodiagnostik tetkikler destekleyici olarak kullanılmaktadır. Minimal invaziv ve endoskopik (PELD/PLDD) yöntemlerin ameliyat sonrası bel ağrısını azaltma ve hastanede kalış süresini kısaltma gibi avantajları bulunsa da, nüks oranlarının açık cerrahiye göre daha yüksek olduğu belirtilmiştir. Cerrahi yaklaşımlar arasında unilateral transflaval mikrodiskektomi, yüksek başarı (%92,3) ve düşük komplikasyon oranıyla halen altın standart olarak kabul görmektedir. Operasyon başarısı ilk 6 ayda %91 civarındayken, 10. yılda %83'e gerilemektedir. Çalışmada, agresif diskektomi ile sekestrektomi arasında nüks açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmadığı, hastanın psikolojik durumu ve fiziksel muayene bulgularının cerrahi faydayı etkilediği ifade edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, konservatif tedaviye yanıt vermeyen hastalarda, cerrahın deneyimine ve hasta odaklı yaklaşıma göre en uygun yöntemin seçilmesi önerilmektedir.

In this study evaluating the surgical treatment of lumbar radiculopathies, it is emphasized that patients should initially be managed with conservative and medical treatments for 4-8 weeks, except in emergencies such as progressive neurodeficit and cauda equina syndrome. The timing of surgery is critical for clinical success, and interventions performed within the first 6 months yields more favorable outcomes. MRI is considered the most appropriate and sensitive method in the diagnostic process, while electrodiagnostic tests are used supportively. Although minimal invasive and endoscopic methods (PELD/PLDD) have advantages such as reducing postoperative back pain and shortening hospital stays, their recurrence rates are stated to be higher than open surgery. Among surgical approaches, unilateral transflaval microdiscectomy is still accepted as the gold standard due to its high success rate (92.3%) and low complication rate. While the operation success rate is around 91% in the first 6 months, it decreases to 83% in the 10th year. The study states that there is no significant difference between aggressive discectomy and sequestrectomy in terms of recurrence, and that the patient's psychological state and physical examination findings affect the surgical benefit. Consequently, for patients who do not respond to conservative treatment, selecting the most appropriate method based on a patient-centered approach and the surgeon's experience is recommended.

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Yayınlanan

7 Mart 2022

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