Serum D Vitamininin Ölçümü
Özet
D vitamini, kemik metabolizması ve kalsiyum homeostazında kritik öneme sahip steroid bir hormondur. Sistemik dolaşımda en çok 25(OH)D formunda bulunur ve klinik laboratuvarlarda bu öncül form ölçülür. D vitamini düzeylerinin ölçümünde CPBA, RIA, ELISA ve yaygın otomasyon sağlayan CLIA gibi immun yöntemlerin yanı sıra, vitamin D2-D3 ayrımı yapan HPLC ve yüksek doğrulukla epimer ayrımı sağlayan LC-MS/MS gibi kromatografik yöntemler kullanılır. Serum D vitamini düzeyleri; mevsimsel değişiklikler, coğrafi enlem, güneş ışığına maruziyet, açık havada fiziksel aktivite, deniz ürünleri veya vejetaryenlik gibi beslenme alışkanlıkları, genetik polimorfizmler, vücut kitle indeksi ve cilt pigmentasyonu gibi preanalitik faktörlerden doğrudan etkilenir. Günümüzde klinik değerlendirmelerde 25(OH)D kan düzeyinin 20 ng/mL'den düşük olması eksiklik, 20-30 ng/mL arası yetersizlik ve 30 ng/mL'den yüksek olması ise normal/yeterli değer olarak kabul edilmektedir. modern yaşam tarzı eksikliği artırırken, günlük alım miktarı ihtiyacı bireysel faktörlere göre değişmektedir.
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone of critical importance in bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis. It is mostly found in the 25(OH)D form in systemic circulation, and this precursor form is measured in clinical laboratories. In measuring vitamin D levels, immune methods such as CPBA, RIA, ELISA, and CLIA, which provides widespread automation, are used alongside chromatographic methods like HPLC, which differentiates vitamin D2-D3, and LC-MS/MS, which enables epimer separation with high accuracy. Serum vitamin D levels are directly affected by preanalytic factors such as seasonal changes, geographical latitude, sunlight exposure, outdoor physical activity, dietary habits like seafood consumption or vegetarianism, genetic polymorphisms, body mass index, and skin pigmentation. Today, in clinical evaluations, a blood 25(OH)D level lower than 20 ng/mL is considered deficiency, between 20-30 ng/mL is insufficiency, and higher than 30 ng/mL is accepted as a normal/sufficient value. While modern lifestyle increases deficiency, the daily recommended allowance varies based on individual factors.
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