Migren Tipleri ve Klinik Özellikleri

Yazarlar

Musa Temel

Özet

Dünya Baş Ağrısı Topluluğu'nun (IHS) 2018 yılı güncel kriterlerine (ICHD-3) dayanarak hazırlanan metin, migren tiplerini ve klinik özelliklerini detaylı bir şekilde incelemektedir. Kökenini Yunanca "başın yarısı" kelimesinden alan migren, hastaların büyük kısmında tek taraflı, frontotemporal bölgede yoğunlaşan zonklayıcı baş ağrıları ile ışık, ses ve koku hassasiyetiyle karakterizedir. Kadınlarda daha sık görülen bu hastalık genel olarak prodrom, aura, ağrı ve postdrom olmak üzere dört evreden oluşur. ICHD-3 sınıflandırmasına göre migren; aurasız, auralı, kronik, muhtemel migren, migren komplikasyonları ve migrenle ilişkili epizodik sendromlar olarak altı ana başlıkta ele alınır. Aurasız migren en az 5 atakla tanımlanırken, auralı migrende ağrı öncesi vizüel, duysal veya lisanla ilgili tamamen düzelen fokal nörolojik bulgular eşlik eder. Auralı migrenin tipik, beyinsapı, hemiplejik ve retinal gibi alt türleri bulunur. Üç ay boyunca ayda 15 günden fazla süren baş ağrıları kronik migren olarak değerlendirilir ve bu hastalarda genellikle ilaç aşırı kullanımı gözlenir. Ayrıca migrenöz status ve enfarkt gibi komplikasyonlar ile çocuklukta sık görülen siklik kusma ve abdominal migren gibi epizodik sendromlar da çalışmada detaylandırılmıştır. Semptomların kontrolü için doğru kategorizasyon ve optimal tedavi esastır.

Based on the 2018 updated criteria (ICHD-3) of the International Headache Society (IHS), the text examines migraine types and their clinical features in detail. Originating from the Greek word for "half of the head," migraine is characterized in most patients by unilateral, throbbing headaches concentrated in the frontotemporal region, accompanied by sensitivity to light, sound, and smell. More common in women, this disease generally consists of four phases: prodrome, aura, pain, and postdrome. According to the ICHD-3 classification, migraine is analyzed under six main headings: migraine without aura, migraine with aura, chronic migraine, complications of migraine, probable migraine, and episodic syndromes associated with migraine. While migraine without aura is defined by at least 5 attacks, migraine with aura is accompanied by fully reversible focal neurological symptoms (aura) related to visual, sensory, or speech functions before the pain. Migraine with aura includes subtypes such as typical, brainstem, hemiplegic, and retinal. Headaches occurring more than 15 days per month for three consecutive months are evaluated as chronic migraine, and medication overuse is commonly observed in these patients. Additionally, complications like status migrainosus and migrainous infarction, as well as episodic syndromes frequently seen in childhood such as cyclic vomiting and abdominal migraine, are detailed in the study. Accurate categorization and optimal treatment are essential for managing symptoms effectively.

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Sayfalar

75-85

Gelecek

28 Mart 2022

Lisans

Lisans