Kozmetik Jinekolojik Cerrahi
Özet
Bu yazı, sosyo-kültürel ve estetik kaygılarla hızla gelişen kozmetik jinekolojik cerrahi yöntemlerini, anatomik temellerini ve uluslararası tıp derneklerinin bu prosedürlere yaklaşımını kapsamlı bir şekilde ele almaktadır. Kadın genital anatomisi dış ve iç olmak üzere ikiye ayrılırken, estetik müdahaleler çoğunlukla vulva yapısını içeren labioplasti, klitoral hud redüksiyonu, vajinoplasti, himenoplasti ve perineoplasti gibi ameliyatları ve G noktası büyütme gibi invaziv olmayan teknikleri kapsar. Labioplasti en sık uygulanan prosedür olup iç dudakların küçültülmesini hedeflerken; vajinoplasti ve perineoplasti kombinasyonu "vajinal gençleştirme" olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Tıbbi bir endikasyon taşımayan bu kozmetik operasyonların enfeksiyon, hematom, duyu kaybı, kronik ağrı ve disparoni gibi %3 ile %30 arasında değişen oranlarda ciddi postoperatif komplikasyon riskleri mevcuttur. RCOG, ACOG ve SOGC gibi saygın uluslararası jinekolojik dernekler, bu operasyonların cinsel tatmin veya beden imajını iyileştirdiğine dair bilimsel kanıtların yetersiz olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Bu nedenle cerrahların hastalara normal anatomi çeşitliliğini anlatması, psikolojik destek alternatiflerini sunması, tam bilgilendirilmiş onam alması ve özellikle 18 yaş altındaki adölesan bireylere bu prosedürleri uygulamaması kritik bir önem taşımaktadır.
This text comprehensively examines cosmetic gynecological surgery methods, their anatomical foundations, and the approaches of international medical societies toward these procedures, which are rapidly evolving due to socio-cultural and aesthetic concerns. While female genital anatomy is divided into internal and external structures, aesthetic interventions mostly cover surgeries involving the vulva, such as labiaplasty, clitoral hood reduction, vaginoplasty, hymenoplasty, and perineoplasty, as well as non-invasive techniques like G-spot amplification. Labiaplasty is the most frequently performed procedure targeting the reduction of the labia minora, whereas the combination of vaginoplasty and perineoplasty is recognized as "vaginal rejuvenation". These cosmetic operations, which generally lack medical indications, carry substantial postoperative complication risks ranging from 3% to 30%, including infection, hematoma, loss of sensation, chronic pain, and dyspareunia. Prominent international gynecological societies such as RCOG, ACOG, and SOGC emphasize the insufficiency of scientific evidence supporting claims that these surgeries improve sexual satisfaction or body image. Consequently, it is of critical importance for surgeons to inform patients about the variations of normal anatomy, offer psychological intervention alternatives, obtain fully informed consent, and strictly avoid performing these procedures on adolescents under the age of 18.
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Daşıkan Z., Kıratlı D.,Erdogan M. Women’s Genital Appearance Satisfaction: Genital Cosmetic Surgery. Jinekoloji - Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi 2019; Volume 16, Sayı 4,Sayfa: 238-243
