COVID-19 Pandemisi: Cinsiyet Eşitliği ve Kadına Şiddet
Özet
Covid-19 pandemisi döneminde dünya genelinde eve kapanma süreçleri, ekonomik güçlükler ve artan stres unsurları kadına ve kız çocuklarına yönelik şiddet vakalarını ciddi ölçüde tırmandırmıştır. Bu süreçte az gelişmiş, gelişmekte olan veya gelişmiş ülke ayrımı olmaksızın partner şiddeti, cinsel istismar, siber şiddet ve erken yaşta evlilik oranlarında artışlar yaşanmıştır. Kadınların cinsel sağlık, üreme sağlığı ve sosyal koruma hizmetlerine erişimi kısıtlanırken, resmi kurumların veri paylaşımındaki eksiklikler şiddetin gerçek boyutunun görünürlüğünü engellemiştir. Halk sağlığı yaklaşımı kapsamında şiddetin önlenmesi için primer, ikincil ve üçüncül koruma düzeylerinde koordineli çalışmalar yapılması, eğitimlerin verilmesi ve erken müdahale mekanizmalarının işletilmesi gerekmektedir. Pandeminin getirdiği dezavantajların ve toplumsal eşitsizliklerin azaltılması adına ülkelerin gelecekteki olağan dışı durumlar için kapsamlı aksiyon planları, erken uyarı sistemleri ve siber güvenliğe yönelik yasal yükümlülükler geliştirmesi önem arz etmektedir. Kadınların eğitim ve çalışma hayatına aktif katılımının sağlanması ile tedavi ve psiko-sosyal rehabilitasyon alanlarının genişletilmesi, sadece kadınlar için değil tüm toplumun genel refahı ve sürdürülebilir kalkınması için hayati bir gerekliliktir.
During the Covid-19 pandemic, lockdown periods, economic hardships, and rising stress factors significantly escalated violence against women and girls worldwide. During this process, regardless of whether countries were underdeveloped, developing, or developed, increases were observed in partner violence, sexual abuse, cyber violence, and child marriage rates. While women's access to sexual health, reproductive health, and social protection services was restricted, deficiencies in data sharing by official institutions obscured the visibility of the true scale of violence. Within the scope of the public health approach, it is required to carry out coordinated studies, provide trainings, and operate early intervention mechanisms at primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention levels to prevent violence. In order to mitigate the disadvantages and social inequalities brought by the pandemic, it is crucial for countries to develop comprehensive action plans, early warning systems, and legal obligations for cyber security against future extraordinary situations. Ensuring the active participation of women in education and workforce, along with expanding treatment and psycho-social rehabilitation areas, is a vital requirement not only for women but also for the general welfare and sustainable development of the entire society.
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