Sol Dal Bloğu İle Prezente Olan Tek Koroner Arter Anomalisi
Özet
Elektrokardiyografisinde sol dal bloğu izlenen ve yapılan koroner anjiyografisinde nadir bir konjenital vasküler anomali olan izole tek koroner arter saptanan 48 yaşında bir erkek hasta sunulmuştur. Atipik göğüs ağrısı şikayetiyle başvuran hastanın troponin değerleri negatif, ejeksiyon fraksiyonu ise normal sınırlarda saptanmıştır. Koroner anjiyografide, tek koroner arterin sol koroner kusptan çıktığı ve sağ koroner arterin sol ön inen koroner arterin orta kısmından köken aldığı gözlenmiştir. Aortografi ve bilgisayarlı tomografi incelemeleri, anomalinin herhangi bir ek yapısal kalp hastalığı barındırmadığını ve malign seyirde olmadığını doğrulamıştır. Tek koroner arter olguları genellikle tesadüfen saptanmakta olup, büyük damarlarla ilişkisine göre benign veya malign olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. Malign seyirli vakalar ani kardiyak ölüme yol açabileceğinden cerrahi revaskülarizasyon gerektirebilirken, bu olguda bilgisayarlı tomografide benign seyir izlenmesi, ritim holter ve efor testinde patolojik bulgu saptanmaması nedeniyle hastanın takibine karar verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, koroner arter anomalilerinin prognozunu ve seyrini değerlendirmede bilgisayarlı tomografi hayati bir öneme sahiptir.
A 48-year-old male patient who presented with atypical chest pain, exhibiting a left bundle branch block on his electrocardiography and diagnosed with an isolated single coronary artery, a rare congenital vascular anomaly, via coronary angiography is presented. The patient's troponin tests were negative, and echocardiography revealed a normal ejection fraction with no wall motion abnormalities. Coronary angiography demonstrated that the single coronary artery originated from the left coronary cusp, with the right coronary artery arising from the mid-portion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Further evaluations with aortography and computed tomography confirmed the absence of additional congenital cardiac anomalies and indicated a benign course rather than a malignant one. Single coronary artery anomalies are typically discovered incidentally, and their prognosis depends heavily on their anatomical pathway relative to major vessels. While malignant courses pose a high risk of sudden cardiac death and may necessitate surgical revascularization, this patient was managed conservatively with a follow-up plan due to the benign findings on computed tomography and the absence of arrhythmias during holter monitoring and exercise stress tests. Consequently, computed tomography plays a crucial role in determining the prognosis by delineating the precise course of such anomalies.
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