Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Güncel Sedasyon ve Analjezi Uygulamaları
Referanslar
J. Zalieckas, C. Weldon (Eds.), Sedation and Analgesia in the ICU. Seminars in Pediatric Surgery, Elsevier, 2015.
S.J. Keogh, D.A. Long, D.V. Horn, Practice guidelines for sedation and analgesia management of critically ill children: a pilot study evaluating guideline impact and feasibility in the PICU, BMJ Open 5 (3) (2015), e006428 e.
J.P. Kress, A.S. Pohlman, J.B. Hall, Sedation and analgesia in the intensive care unit, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 166 (8) (2002) 1024–1028.
A. Lavrentieva, N. Depetris, I. Rodini, Analgesia, sedation and arousal status in burn patients: the gap between recommendations and current practices, Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters 30 (2) (2017) 135.
J. Barr, G.L. Fraser, K. Puntillo, E.W. Ely, C. G´elinas, J.F. Dasta, et al., Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult patients in the intensive care unit, Crit. Care Med. 41 (1) (2013) 263–306
A. Jerath, N.D. Ferguson, A. Steel, D. Wijeysundera, J. Macdonald, M. Wasowicz, The use of volatile anesthetic agents for long-term critical care sedation (VALTS): study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial, Trials 16 (1) (2015) 560.
W.D. Schweickert, J.P. Kress, Strategies to optimize analgesia and sedation, Crit. Care 12 (Suppl 3) (2008) (Suppl 3):S6-S
G.D. Owen, J.L. Stollings, S. Rakhit, L. Wang, C. Yu, M.A. Hosay, et al., International analgesia, sedation, and delirium practices: a prospective cohort study, J Intensive Care 7 (2019) 25.
G.L. Fraser, J.W. Devlin, C.P. Worby, W. Alhazzani, J. Barr, J.F. Dasta, et al., Benzodiazepine versus nonbenzodiazepine-based sedation for mechanically ventilated, critically ill adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials, Read. Online: Critical Care Medicine| Society of Critical Care Medicine 41 (9) (2013) S30–S38.
P.H. Tonner, N. Weiler, A. Paris, J. Scholz, Sedation and analgesia in the intensive care unit, Curr. Opin. Anesthesiol. 16 (2) (2003) 113–121.
G.L. Fraser, R.R. Riker, Sedation and analgesia in the critically ill adult, Curr. Opin. Anesthesiol. 20 (2) (2007) 119–123.
E.W. Ely, B. Truman, A. Shintani, J.W. Thomason, A.P. Wheeler, S. Gordon, et al., Monitoring sedation status over time in ICU patients: reliability and validity of the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS), Jama 289 (22) (2003) 2983–2991.
Vagionas, D., Vasileiadis, I., Rovina, N., Alevrakis, E., Koutsoukou, A., & Koulouris, N. (2019). Daily sedation interruption and mechanical ventilation weaning: a literature review. Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy, 51(5), 380-389.
Kress JP, Pohlman AS, O’Connor MF, Hall J. Daily interruption of sedative infusions in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. N Engl J Med 2000; 42: 1471-1477. doi: 10.1056/NEJM 200005183422002.
Barr J, Fraser GL, Puntillo K, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult patients in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2013; 41: 263-306. doi: 10.1097/ CCM.0b013e3182783b72
O’Connor, M., Bucknall, T., & Manias, E. (2009). A critical review of daily sedation interruption in the intensive care unit. Journal of clinical nursing, 18(9), 1239-1249.
Berry, E., & Zecca, H. (2012). Daily interruptions of sedation: a clinical approach to improve outcomes in critically ill patients. Critical Care Nurse, 32(1), 43-51.
H.Y. Kim, J.E. Lee, H.Y. Kim, J. Kim, Volatile sedation in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Medicine 96 (49) (2017).
S. Devabhakthuni, M.J. Armahizer, J.F. Dasta, S.L. Kane-Gill, Analgosedation: a paradigm shift in intensive care unit sedation practice, Ann. Pharmacother. 46 (4) (2012) 530–540
J.W. Devlin, R.J. Roberts, Pharmacology of commonly used analgesics and sedatives in the ICU: benzodiazepines, propofol, and opioids, Crit. Care Clin. 25 (3) (2009) 431–449.
M.C. Reade, S. Finfer, Sedation and delirium in the intensive care unit, N. Engl. J. Med. 370 (5) (2014) 444–454.
C.R. Dale, D.A. Kannas, V.S. Fan, S.L. Daniel, S. Deem, N.D. Yanez 3rd, et al., Improved analgesia, sedation, and delirium protocol associated with decreased duration of delirium and mechanical ventilation, Ann Am Thorac Soc 11 (3) (2014) 367–374
C.R. Weinert, A.D. Calvin, Epidemiology of sedation and sedation adequacy for mechanically ventilated patients in a medical and surgical intensive care unit, Crit. Care Med. 35 (2) (2007) 393–401.
H. Wøien, A. Stubhaug, I. Bjørk, Analgesia and sedation of mechanically ventilated patients–a national survey of clinical practice, Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 56 (1) (2012) 23–29.
Miller RD, Eriksson LI, Fleisher LA, Wiener-Kronish JP, Cohen NH, Young WL. Miller's anesthesia e-book. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2014
Liu, Y., Yu, X., Zhu, D., Zeng, J., Lin, Q., Zang, B., ... & Guan, X. (2022). Safety and efficacy of ciprofol vs. propofol for sedation in intensive care unit patients with mechanical ventilation: a multi-center, open label, randomized, phase 2 trial. Chinese medical journal, 135(09), 1043-1051.
Hewson DW, Hardman JG, Bedforth NM. Patient-maintained propofol sedation for adult patients undergoing surgical or medical procedures: a scoping review of current evidence and technology. Br J Anaesth 2021;126:139–148. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.07.053.
Carson SS, Kress JP, Rodgers JE, Vinayak A, Campbell-Bright S, Levitt J, et al. A randomized trial of intermittent lorazepam versus propofol with daily interruption in mechanically ventilated patients. Crit Care Med 2006;34:1326–1332. doi: 10.1097/01. CCM.0000215513.63207.7F.
Lee JG, Yoo KS, Byun YJ. Continuous infusion versus intermittent bolus injection of propofol during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Korean J Intern Med 2020;35:1338–1345. doi: 10.3904/kjim.2018.233.
Sahinovic MM, Struys M, Absalom AR. Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propofol. Clin Pharmacokinet 2018;57:1539–1558. doi: 10.1007/s40262-018-0672-3.
Symington L, Thakore S. A review of the use of propofol for procedural sedation in the emergency department. Emerg Med J 2006;23:89–93. doi: 10.1136/emj.2005.023713.
Buckley MS, Agarwal SK, MacLaren R, Kane-Gill SL. Adverse hemodynamic events associated with concomitant dexmedetomidine and propofol for sedation in mechanically ventilated ICU patients. J Intensive Care Med 2019;35:1536–1545. doi: 10.1177/ 0885066619884548
Fodale V, La Monaca E. Propofol infusion syndrome. Drug Saf 2008;31:293–303. doi: 10.2165/00002018-200831040-00003.
Hemphill, S., McMenamin, L., Bellamy, M. C., & Hopkins, P. M. (2019). Propofol infusion syndrome: a structured literature review and analysis of published case reports. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 122(4), 448-459.
Qin L, Ren L, Wan S, Liu G, Luo X, Liu Z, et al. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel 2,6-disubstituted phenol derivatives as general anesthetics. J Med Chem 2017;60:3606–3617. doi: 10.1021/ acs.jmedchem.7b00254
Forster A, Gardaz JP, Suter PM, et al. Respiratory depression by midazolam and diazepam. Anesthesiology 1980;53:494-7
Zaal IJ, Devlin JW, Hazelbag M, et al. Benzodiazepineassociated delirium in critically ill adults. Intensive Care Med 2015;41:2130-7.
Burbano NH, Otero AV, Berry DE, Orr RA and Munoz RA: Discontinuation of prolonged infusions of dexmedetomidine in critically ill children with heart disease. Intensive Care Med 38: 300 307, 2012
Demuro JP, Botros DG, Wirkowski E and Hanna AF: Use of dexmedetomidine for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in critically ill patients: A retrospective case series. J Anesth 26: 601 605, 2012.
Lin H, Faraklas I, Sampson C, Saffle JR and Cochran Al: Use of dexmedetomidine for sedation in critically ill mechanically ventilated pediatric burn patients. J Burn Care Res 32: 98, 2008.
Kress JP, O'Connor MF, Pohlman AS, Olson D, Lavoie A, Toledano A and Hall JB: Sedation of critically ill patients during mechanical ventilation. A comparison of propofol and midazolam. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 153: 1012 1018, 1996.
Barrientos Vega R, Mar Sánchez Soria M, Morales García C, Robas Gómez A, Cuena Boy R and Ayensa Rincon A: Prolonged sedation of critically ill patients with midazolam or propofol: Impact on weaning and costs. Crit Care Med 25: 33 40, 1997
Gertler R, Brown HC, Mitchell DH, et al. Dexmedetomidine: a novel sedative-analgesic agent. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2001;14:13-21.
Jakob SM, Ruokonen E, Grounds RM, et al. Dexmedetomidine vs midazolam or propofol for sedation during prolonged mechanical ventilation: two randomized controlled trials. JAMA 2012;307:1151-60.
Ruokonen E, Parviainen I, Jakob SM, et al. Dexmedetomidine versus propofol/midazolam for longterm sedation during mechanical ventilation. Intensive Care Med 2009;35:282-90.
Gupta P, Whiteside W, Sabati A, Tesoro TM, Gossett JM, Tobias JD and Roth SJ: Safety and efficacy of prolonged dexme detomidine use in critically ill children with heart disease*. Pediatr Crit Care Med 13: 660, 2012.
. Guinter JR and Kristeller JL: Prolonged infusions of dexme detomidine in critically ill patients. Am J Health Syst Pharm 67: 1246 1253, 2010.
Flood P, Rathmell JP, Shafer S. Stoelting's pharmacology and physiology in anesthetic practice. 5th ed. LWW, 2015
Zuin M, Rigatelli G, Dell'Avvocata F, Faggian G, Conte L, Giatti S, Michielan F, Roncon L. Ketamine and midazolam differently impact post-intubation hemodynamic profile when used as induction agents during emergency airway management in hemodynamically stable patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction. Heart Vessels 2018; 33: 213-225 [PMID: 28889210 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-017-1049-5]
Dewhirst E, Frazier WJ, Leder M, Fraser DD, Tobias JD. Cardiac arrest following ketamine administration for rapid sequence intubation. J Intensive Care Med 2013; 28: 375-379 [PMID: 22644454 DOI: 10.1177/0885066612448732]
Filanovsky Y, Miller P, Kao J. Myth: Ketamine should not be used as an induction agent for intubation in patients with head injury. CJEM 2010; 12: 154-157 [PMID: 20219164 DOI: 10.1017/s1481803500012197]
Hudson AE, Hemmings HC. 3 - Pharmacokinetics of inhaled anesthetics. In: Hemmings HC, Egan TD, eds. Pharmacology and Physiology for Anesthesia. Second Edition. Elsevier, 2019: 44–69.
Gagnier JJ, Kienle G, Altman DG, et al. The care guidelines: consensus-based clinical case reporting Guideline development. Headache 2013;53:1541–7.
Rouge P, Dureuil B, Loiseau A, Desmonts JM. Effects of clonidine on the ventilatory response to CO, (abstract). Anesthesiology 1989;71:A1090.
G. Park, D. Coursin, E.W. Ely, M. England, G.L. Fraser, J. Mantz, et al., Commentary. Balancing sedation and analgesia in the critically ill, Crit. Care Clin. 17 (4) (2001) 1015–1027.
Rawal, G., Kumar, R., & Yadav, S. (2019). Pain management in intensive care unit: a brief review. Medico Research Chronicles, 6(6), 302-309.
Battershill, A. J., & Keating, G. M. (2006). Remifentanil: a review of its analgesic and sedative use in the intensive care unit. Drugs, 66, 365-385.
] P.M. Szumita, S.A. Baroletti, K.E. Anger, M.E. Wechsler, Sedation and analgesia in the intensive care unit: evaluating the role of dexmedetomidine, Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm. 64 (1) (2007).
S.J. Ahlers, L. van Gulik, A.M. van der Veen, H.P. van Dongen, P. Bruins, S. V. Belitser, et al., Comparison of different pain scoring systems in critically ill patients in a general ICU, Crit. Care 12 (1) (2008) R15.
] M. Deffland, C. Spies, B. Weiss, N. Keller, M. Jenny, J. Kruppa, et al., Effects of pain, sedation and delirium monitoring on clinical and economic outcome: a retrospective study, e, PloS One 15 (9) (2020), e0234801. Revision 2015 (DASGuideline 2015) - short version. Ger. Med. Sci. 2015;13:Doc19-(Doc).
C.N. Sessler, S. Pedram, Protocolized and target-based sedation and analgesia in the ICU, Anesthesiol. Clin. 29 (4) (2011) 625–650.
R.P. Patel, M. Gambrell, T. Speroff, T.A. Scott, B.T. Pun, J. Okahashi, et al., Delirium and sedation in the intensive care unit (ICU): survey of behaviors and attitudes of 1,384 healthcare professionals, Crit. Care Med. 37 (3) (2009) 825
J.-L. Vincent, Y. Shehabi, T.S. Walsh, P.P. Pandharipande, J.A. Ball, P. Spronk, et al., Comfort and patient-centred care without excessive sedation: the eCASH concept, Intensive Care Med. 42 (6) (2016) 962–971.
] R. Baron, A. Binder, R. Biniek, S. Braune, H. Buerkle, P. Dall, et al., Evidence and consensus based guideline for the management of delirium, analgesia, and sedation in intensive care medicine. Revision 2015 (DAS-Guideline 2015)–short version, Ger. Med. Sci. 13 (2015).