Miyastenia Gravis (MG) Güncel Tedavi Yaklaşımları

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Oh SJ. Amifampridine for the treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2019 Oct;15(10):991-1007. doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2020.1670061. Epub 2019 Sep 30. PMID: 31533480.

Dalakas MC. Progress in the therapy of myasthenia gravis: getting closer to effective targeted immunotherapies. Curr Opin Neurol. 2020 Oct;33(5):545-552. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000858. PMID: 32833750.

Sathasivam S. Steroids and immunosuppressant drugs in myasthenia gravis. Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2008 Jun;4(6):317-27. doi: 10.1038/ncpneuro0810. Epub 2008 May 20. PMID: 18493241.

Matell G. Immunosuppressive drugs: azathioprine in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1987;505:589-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb51327.x. PMID: 3479940.

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Gajdos P, Chevret S, Toyka KV. Intravenous immunoglobulin for myasthenia gravis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Dec 12;12(12):CD002277. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002277.pub4. PMID: 23235588; PMCID: PMC7133495.

Jani-Acsadi A, Lisak RP. Myasthenic crisis: guidelines for prevention and treatment. J Neurol Sci. 2007 Oct 15;261(1-2):127-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2007.04.045. Epub 2007 Jun 4. PMID: 17544450.

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Liew WK, Powell CA, Sloan SR, Shamberger RC, Weldon CB, Darras BT, Kang PB. Comparison of plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin as maintenance therapies for juvenile myasthenia gravis. JAMA Neurol. 2014 May;71(5):575-80. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.17. PMID: 24590389.

Pasnoor M, Wolfe GI, Nations S, Trivedi J, Barohn RJ, Herbelin L, McVey A, Dimachkie M, Kissel J, Walsh R, Amato A, Mozaffar T, Hungs M, Chui L, Goldstein J, Novella S, Burns T, Phillips L, Claussen G, Young A, Bertorini T, Oh S. Clinical findings in MuSK-antibody positive myasthenia gravis: a U.S. experience. Muscle Nerve. 2010 Mar;41(3):370-4. doi: 10.1002/mus.21533. PMID: 19882635.

Kosmidis ML, Dalakas MC. Practical considerations on the use of rituximab in autoimmune neurological disorders. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2010 Mar;3(2):93-105. doi: 10.1177/1756285609356135. PMID: 21179602; PMCID: PC3002645.

Hehir MK, Hobson-Webb LD, Benatar M, Barnett C, Silvestri NJ, Howard JF Jr, Howard D, Visser A, Crum BA, Nowak R, Beekman R, Kumar A, Ruzhansky K, Chen IA, Pulley MT, LaBoy SM, Fellman MA, Greene SM, Pasnoor M, Burns TM. Rituximab as treatment for anti-MuSK myasthenia gravis: Multicenter blinded prospective review. Neurology. 2017 Sep 5;89(10):1069-1077. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004341. Epub 2017 Aug 11. PMID: 28801338.

Mantegazza R, Antozzi C. When myasthenia gravis is deemed refractory: clinical signposts and treatment strategies. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2018 Jan 18;11:1756285617749134. doi: 10.1177/1756285617749134. Erratum in: Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2018 Mar 21;11:1756286418765591. PMID: 29403543; PMCID: PMC5791553.

Greenfield AL, Hauser SL. B-cell Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis: Entering an era. Ann Neurol. 2018 Jan;83(1):13-26. doi: 10.1002/ana.25119. PMID: 29244240; PMCID: PMC5876115.

Howard JF Jr, Utsugisawa K, Benatar M, Murai H, Barohn RJ, Illa I, Jacob S, Vissing J, Burns TM, Kissel JT, Muppidi S, Nowak RJ, O'Brien F, Wang JJ, Mantegazza R; REGAIN Study Group. Safety and efficacy of eculizumab in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive refractory generalised myasthenia gravis (REGAIN): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study. Lancet Neurol. 2017 Dec;16(12):976-986. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30369-1. Epub 2017 Oct 20. Erratum in: Lancet Neurol. 2017 Dec;16(12 ):954. PMID: 29066163.

Muppidi S, Utsugisawa K, Benatar M, Murai H, Barohn RJ, Illa I, Jacob S, Vissing J, Burns TM, Kissel JT, Nowak RJ, Andersen H, Casasnovas C, de Bleecker JL, Vu TH, Mantegazza R, O'Brien FL, Wang JJ, Fujita KP, Howard JF Jr; Regain Study Group. Long-term safety and efficacy of eculizumab in generalized myasthenia gravis. Muscle Nerve. 2019 Jul;60(1):14-24. doi: 10.1002/mus.26447. Epub 2019 Mar 8. PMID: 30767274; PMCID: PMC6619057.

Dalakas MC, Alexopoulos H, Spaeth PJ. Complement in neurological disorders and emerging complement-targeted therapeutics. Nat Rev Neurol. 2020 Nov;16(11):601-617. doi: 10.1038/s41582-020-0400-0. Epub 2020 Oct 1. PMID: 33005040; PMCID: PMC7528717.

Howard JF Jr, Bril V, Burns TM, Mantegazza R, Bilinska M, Szczudlik A, Beydoun S, Garrido FJRR, Piehl F, Rottoli M, Van Damme P, Vu T, Evoli A, Freimer M, Mozaffar T, Ward ES, Dreier T, Ulrichts P, Verschueren K, Guglietta A, de Haard H, Leupin N, Verschuuren JJGM; Efgartigimod MG Study Group. Randomized phase 2 study of FcRn antagonist efgartigimod in generalized myasthenia gravis. Neurology. 2019 Jun 4;92(23):e2661-e2673. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000007600. Epub 2019 May 22. PMID: 31118245; PMCID: PMC6556100.

Alboini PE, Evoli A, Damato V, Iorio R, Bartoccioni E. Remission of myasthenia gravis with MuSK antibodies during ruxolitinib treatment. Muscle Nerve. 2017 Mar;55(3):E12-E13. doi: 10.1002/mus.25458. Epub 2016 Nov 25. PMID: 27808416.

Jonsson DI, Pirskanen R, Piehl F. Beneficial effect of tocilizumab in myasthenia gravis refractory to rituximab. Neuromuscul Disord. 2017 Jun;27(6):565-568. doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.03.007. Epub 2017 Mar 16. PMID: 28433474.

Oh SJ, Jeong D, Lee I, Alsharabati M. Repetitive nerve stimulation test in myasthenic crisis. Muscle Nerve. 2019 May;59(5):544-548. doi: 10.1002/mus.26390. Epub 2019 Jan 9. PMID: 30488463.