Deri Sağlığını Koruma
Özet
Deri, vücudumuzu dış etkenlerden, travmalardan ve enfeksiyonlardan koruyan; termoregülasyon ile vücut ısısını dengeleyen en büyük organımızdır. Epidermis koruyucu bariyer oluştururken, altındaki dermis tabakası deriye güç ve esneklik sağlamaktadır. Tüm organlar gibi deri de zamanla içsel ve dışsal faktörlerin etkisiyle yaşlanma sürecine girer. Deriye en çok hasar veren dışsal etken güneşin ultraviyole (UV) ışınlarıdır; UVA uzun vadede kanserojen etki gösterirken, UVB hızlıca güneş yanığı ve erken yaşlanmaya yol açar. Ayrıca kızılötesi ışık, ekranlardan yansıyan mavi ışık, hava kirliliği ve sigara kullanımı da serbest oksijen radikallerini artırarak deri yaşlanmasını hızlandırır, bariyer fonksiyonunu bozar ve lekelenmelere neden olur. Deri sağlığını korumak ve yaşlanma etkilerini geciktirmek için mevsime uygun giyinmek, şapka kullanmak ve özellikle 10.00-16.00 saatleri arasında güneşe çıkmamak önemlidir. Günlük bakımda en az 30 SPF değerinde, geniş spektrumlu güneş koruyucuların düzenli kullanılması kritik bir rol oynar. Kimyasal koruyucular yerine çevre dostu ve daha az iritasyon yapan mineral koruyucular tercih edilmelidir. C, E vitaminleri ve ferulik asit gibi antioksidanlar, retinoidler ve alfa hidroksi asitler cildin kendini onarmasını, kolajen sentezini ve nem seviyesini destekleyen etkin içeriklerdir.
The skin is our largest organ, protecting the body from external factors, traumas, and infections, while balancing body temperature through thermoregulation. While the epidermis forms a protective barrier, the underlying dermis provides strength and elasticity. Like all organs, the skin ages over time due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is the most damaging extrinsic factor; UVA poses long-term carcinogenic risks, whereas UVB causes rapid sunburns and premature aging. Additionally, infrared light, blue light from screens, air pollution, and smoking accelerate skin aging, impair barrier functions, and cause pigmentation by increasing free oxygen radicals. To maintain skin health and delay aging, it is essential to wear appropriate clothing, use hats, and avoid sun exposure between 10AM-4PM. Regular use of broad-spectrum sunscreens with at least SPF 30 is crucial in daily care. Eco-friendly mineral sunscreens, which cause less irritation, should be preferred over chemical ones. Antioxidants like vitamins C and E, ferulic acid, along with retinoids and alpha hydroxy acids, are effective ingredients that support skin repair, collagen synthesis, and hydration levels.
Referanslar
Eric F. Deborah B. Beyond sun protection factor: An approach to environmental protection with novel mineral coatings in a vehicle containing a blend of skincare ingredients. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020;19:407–415.
Lee CW, Lin ZC, Hu SC et al. Urban particulate matter down-regulates filaggrin via COX2 expression/PGE2 production leading to skin barrier dysfunction. Sci Rep 2016;6:27995.
Lefebvre MA, Pham DM, Boussouira B, Bernard D, Camus C, Nguyen QL. Evaluation of the impact of urban pollution on the quality of skin: a multicentre study in Mexico. Int J Cosmet Sci 2015;37:329–338.
Ting WW, Vest CD, Sontheimer R. Practical and experimental consideration of sun protection in dermatology. International Journal of Dermatology 2003,42:505–513.
Araviiskaia E, Berardesca E, Bieber T, Gontijo G, Sanchez Viera M et al. The impact of airborne pollution on skin. JEADV 2019,33:1496–1505.
WHO. Air pollution. 2017. http://www.who.int/topics/air_pollution/en/. Erişim tarihi: 11 Temmuz 2021.
Mancebo SE, Wang SQ. Recognizing the impact of ambient air pollution on skin health. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015;29:2326–2332.
Koohgoli R, Hudson L, Naidoo K, Wilkinson S, Chavan B, Birch-Machin MA. Bad air gets under your skin. Exp Dermatol 2017;26:384–387.
Huls A, Vierkotter A, Gao W et al. Traffic-related air pollution contributes to development of facial Lentigines: further epidemiological evidence from Caucasians and Asians. J Invest Dermatol 2016;136:1053–1056.
Rittié L, Fisher GJ. Natural and sun-induced aging of human skin cold spring harb. Perspect Med 2015;5:a015370.
Lichterfeld A, Hauss A, Surber C, Peters T, Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J. Evidence-Based Skin Care: A systematic literature review and the development of a basic skin care algorithm. Journal of Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nursing 42(5):501-524.
Sunder S. Relevant topical skin care products for prevention and treatment of aging skin facial. Plast Surg Clin N Am 2019;27:413–418.
Surber C, Dragicevic N, Kottner J. Skin care products for healthy and diseased skin. Curr Probl Dermatol 2018 (54):183-200.
Ruszkiewicz JA, Pinkas A, Ferrer B, Peres TV, Tsatsakis A, Aschner M. Neurotoxic effect of active ingredients in sunscreen products, a contemporary review. Toxicol Rep 2017;4:245‐259.
Lyde CB, Bergstresser PR. Ultraviolet protection from sun avoidance. Dermatol Therapy 1997;4:72-78.
Kim S, Choi K. Occurrences, toxicities, and ecological risks of ben‐ zophenone‐3, a common component of organic sunscreen products: a mini‐review. Environ Int 2014;70:143‐157.
Krause M, Klit A, Blomberg Jensen M et al. Sunscreens: are they beneficial for health? An overview of endocrine disrupting properties of UV‐filters. Int J Androl 2012;35:424‐436.
Maipas S, Nicolopoulou‐Stamati P. Sun lotion chemicals as endocrine disruptors. Hormones (Athens) 2015;14:32‐46.
Ramos S, Homem V, Alves A, Santos L. A review of organic UV‐filters in wastewater treatment plants. Environ Int 2016;86:24‐44.
Tovar‐Sánchez A, Sánchez‐Quiles D, Basterretxea G et al. Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants to coastal waters. PLoS ONE 2013;8:e65451.
Bernstein EF, Deborah B, Sarkas HW, Patricia B. Beyond sun protection factor: An approach to environmental protection with novel mineral coatings in a vehicle containing a blend of skincare ingredients. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020;19:407–415.
Latha MS, Martis J, Shobha V et al. Sunscreening agents: a review. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2013;6:16‐26.
Burke KE. Protection from environmental skin damage with topical antioxidants. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019;105(1):36-38.
Choi FD, Sung CT, Margit LW, Juhasz MD, Mesinkovska NA. Oral collagen supplementation: A systematic review of dermatological applications. J Drugs Dermatol 2019;18(1):9-16.
Kang S, Voorhees J. Photoaging therapy with topical tretinoin: An evidence based analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;39(2):55–61.
Darlenski R, Surber C, Fluhr JW. Topical retinoids in the management of photo damaged skin: from theory to evidence-based practical approach. Br J Dermatol 2010;163(6):1157–65.
Fisher GL, Datta SC, Talwar HS et al. Molecular basis of sun-induced premature skin aging and retinoid antagonism. Nature 1996;379:335–9.
TranD, TownleyJP, BarnesTM et al. Anantiaging skin care system containing alpha hydroxy acids and vitamins improves the biomechanical parameters of facial skin. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2015;8:9–17.
Bernstein EF, Lee J, Brown DB et al. Glycolic acid treatment increases type I collagen mRNA and hyaluronic acid content of human skin. Dermatol Surg 2001;27(5):429–33.
Smith WP. Epidermal and dermal effects of topical lactic acid. J Am Acad Dermatol 1996;35: 187–95.
Xu TH, Chen JZ, Li YH et al. Split-face study of topical 23.8% L-ascorbic acid serum in treating photo-aged skin. J Drugs Dermatol 2012;11(1):51–6.
Pavicic T, Gauglitz GG, Lersch P, Schwach-Abdellaoui K., Malle B, Korting HC, Farwick M. Efficacy of cream-based novel formulations of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in anti-wrinkle treatment. J. Drugs Dermatol 2011;10 (9): 990–1000.
Takagi Y, Kaneda K, Miyaki M, Matsuo K, Kawada H, Hosokawa H. The long- term use of soap does not affect the pH- maintenance mechanism of human skin. Skin Res Technol 2015;21:144– 148.
