Preoperatif Anestezi Hazırlığı ve Değerlendirme
Synopsis
Preoperative anesthesia preparation and evaluation aim to minimize potential surgery- and anesthesia-related morbidity and mortality risks by ensuring the adequacy of patients' medical conditions for planned surgical procedures. This comprehensive process involves obtaining a detailed medical history, regularly monitoring vital signs, conducting physical examinations, and meticulously reviewing current medication use, allergy history, and prior surgical experiences. To predict the likelihood of difficult intubation, parameters such as mouth opening distance, Mallampati classification, thyromental distance, neck mobility, Wilson risk score, Cormack-Lehane grading, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome are thoroughly evaluated. Additionally, the timing for discontinuing or adjusting routinely used medications, including anticoagulants, oral antidiabetics, insulin, and antidepressants prior to surgery, is established. Depending on the patient's age group, chronic conditions, and surgical type, required laboratory and radiological tests—such as complete blood count, biochemistry, ECG, and chest X-rays—are ordered, and cardiology or internal medicine consultations are obtained when necessary. Patients' overall health status and perioperative risk levels are categorized using the ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) classification alongside Goldman cardiac and pulmonary risk indices. Based on all collected data, a personalized plan for anesthesia induction, maintenance, and postoperative care is developed, the patient is informed to obtain consent, and the entire process is thoroughly documented.
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